When installing the motor, first of all, the surface of the motor components should be cleaned of impurities, so as not to affect the normal operation of the motor, and be sure to fix the hub body firm, so as not to be attracted by the magnetic steel force during the installation, resulting in components collision, damage.
1. What is an electric motor?
A: A motor is a component that converts battery electric energy into mechanical energy and drives the wheels of an electric vehicle to rotate.
2. What is the stator?
Answer: brushless or brushless motor is not rotating part of the operation.The motor shaft of a hub type brushless or brushless toothless motor is called the stator, and such a motor may be called the internal stator motor.
3. What is a rotor?
Answer: brushless or brushless motor rotation part of the operation.The casing of a hub type brushless or brushless toothless motor is called a rotor, and this motor can be called an external rotor motor.
4. What is a carbon brush?
A: There is a brush motor inside top on the surface of the commutator, the motor rotation, the electrical energy through the commutator to the coil, because its main component is carbon, called carbon brush, it is easy to wear.Regular maintenance should be replaced, and clean up the carbon accumulation.
5. What is brush grip?
A: A mechanical guide that holds the carbon brush position inside the brush motor.
6. What is a commutator?
A: Inside the brush motor, there is a strip metal surface with mutual insulation. When the motor rotor rotates, the strip metal alternately contacts the positive and negative poles of the brush to realize the alternating positive and negative changes of the current direction of the motor coil and complete the commutation of the coil of the brush motor.
7. What is phase sequence?
A: Brushless motor coil sequence.
8. What is magnetic steel?
Answer: generally used to call high magnetic field strength magnetic material, electric motor are used ndfeb rare earth magnetic steel.
9. What is a brush motor?
A: When the motor is working, the coil and commutator rotate, while the magnetic steel and carbon brush do not rotate. The alternating change of the coil current direction is accomplished by the commutator and brush which rotate with the motor.In the electric vehicle industry, there are high speed brush motors and low speed brush motors.There are many differences between brushless motors and brushless motors. As you can see from the name, brushless motors have carbon brushes and brushless motors have no carbon brushes.
10. What is brushless motor?
A: The controller provides direct current in different current directions to achieve the alternating current direction of the coil inside the motor. There is no brush and commutator between the rotor and stator of the brushless motor.
11. How to realize the commutation of motor?
Answer: when brushless or brushless motor is rotating, the current direction of the coil inside the motor needs to be changed alternately, so that the motor can rotate continuously.Commutator of brush motor * commutator and brush are completed together, brushless motor * controller is completed.
12. What is phase absence?
A: In the three-phase circuit of brushless motor or brushless controller, one phase cannot work.The absence phase is divided into the main phase and hall phase.Performance for motor jitter can not work, or weak rotation and noise.The controller is easy to burn out when it works in the phase - out state.
13. What kinds of motors are common?
A: Common motors are: brushless gear hub motor, brushless gear hub motor, brushless gear hub motor, brushless gear hub motor, side hanging motor, etc.
14. From the type of motor, how to distinguish high and low speed motor?
Answer: A Brushless gear hub motor belongs to high-speed motor;
B Brushless hubless motor and brushless hubless gear motor belong to low-speed motor.
15. How is the efficiency of the motor defined?
A: The efficiency of the motor is the ratio of the mechanical energy output by the motor and the electric energy provided by the power supply.With the letter "り" said.
16. How are brushless motors classified?
Answer: from the phase Angle can be divided into two categories, namely divided into 60° and 120° phase Angle brushless motor;According to the speed, it can be divided into high speed brushless motor and low speed brushless motor;It can be divided into brushless motor with position sensor and brushless motor without position sensor according to whether the motor has position sensor.
17. What is a sensorless brushless motor?
A: For the brushless sensorless motor, the controller can only identify the phase of the brushless motor after the motor has a certain rotation speed by pedding the vehicle first, and then the controller can supply power to the motor.It is rarely used because it cannot be started at zero speed.But it has no sensors, so there is one less point of failure, and it costs less.
18. What is the approximate power consumption range of brushless Motor Hall?
A: brushless motor hall's power consumption ranges from 6ma to 20ma.
19. What is the voltage range of brushless Motor Hall?
A: The voltage range of brushless Motor Hall is generally 3-24V.
20. At what temperature can a general motor work normally?How high can the motor withstand?
A: If the temperature of the measured motor cover exceeds the ambient temperature by more than 25 degrees, it indicates that the temperature rise of the motor has exceeded the normal range, and the temperature rise of the general motor should be below 20 degrees.Generally, the motor coil is made of enameled wire. When the temperature of enameled wire is higher than 150 degrees, its paint film will fall off due to high temperature, resulting in short circuit of the coil.When the coil temperature is above 150 degrees, the temperature of the motor shell is about 100 degrees. Therefore, if the temperature of the motor shell is based on, the high temperature of the motor will be about 100 degrees.
21. The temperature rise of the motor shall be below 20℃, that is, the temperature of the motor end cover exceeding the ambient temperature shall be less than 20℃. But what is the reason for the motor heating exceeding 20℃?
A: The direct cause of motor heating is caused by high current.Generally may be the coil short circuit or open circuit, magnetic steel demagnetization in the motor efficiency is low, the normal situation is long time large current operation.
22. How to measure the phase Angle of brushless motor?
A: Switch on the controller and the controller will supply power to the Hall element. Then the phase Angle of the brushless motor can be detected.The method is as follows: use the + 20V DC voltage range of the multimeter, connect the red watch pen to the + 5V line, and measure the high and low voltages of the three leads respectively with the black watch pen (there is a skill on the usage of the red and black watch pen here), and then compare them according to the commutations of the motors of 60° and 120°.
23. What will happen if a 60° brushless controller is used on a 120° brushless motor?How about the other way around?
A: It will lead to the phenomenon of phase deficiency and can't operate normally.However, an intelligent brushless controller developed by Tianjin Songzheng can automatically identify the motor of 60° or 120°, so it can be compatible with the two motors, making maintenance and replacement easier.
24. What is the intuitive difference between brush-on high speed motor and brush-on low speed motor?
Answer: A. The high speed motor has overrunning clutch (like the flywheel function), turning easily in one direction, turning hard in another direction;The low speed motor rotates equally easily in both directions.
B. The rotation noise of high-speed motor is relatively large, while that of low-speed motor is relatively small.An experienced person can easily recognize by ear.
How is the starting current of a motor defined?
A: It is generally required that the starting current of the motor should not exceed 2 ~ 5 times of its rated current, which is also an important reason for limiting the current protection on the controller.
26. Why is the motor speed on the market getting higher and higher and what is its impact?
Answer: A. The supplier can reduce the cost by increasing speed. Similarly, the low speed motor has a higher speed, which reduces the number of turns of the coil, and also saves the number of silicon steel and magnetic steel. The buyer thinks that a higher speed is better.
B. The efficiency remains the same when the rated speed is working, but it is significantly lower when the speed is low, that is, the start-up is weak.
C. Low efficiency, need to start with a large current, high cycling current, high demand for current limit of the controller, and bad for the battery.
27. How to maintain the abnormal heating of the motor?
Answer: the method that maintains processing is replacement motor commonly, or undertake maintenance.
28. When the no-load current of the motor is greater than the limit data in the reference table, it indicates that the motor has a fault. What are the causes?How to repair it?
A: The internal mechanical friction of the motor is large;Local short circuit of the coil;Magnetic steel demagnetization;Dc motor commutator carbon deposition.The method of maintenance treatment is generally to replace the motor, or replace the carbon brush, clean carbon.
1. Feeling of slow speed and heavy weight when riding manually
(1) Friction between front brake or lock brake (expansion brake) and rotating parts → clearance between front and rear brake and rotating parts shall be adjusted to make the rotation flexible and ensure good braking performance.
(2) Overtighten the chain → adjust the front and rear positions of the rear axle
(3) The front and rear axle and the middle axle parts are too tight or wear down → loose fasteners, or replace worn parts.
(4) Underinflated front and rear tires → fully inflated tires.
2. Two red lights will go out when the battery is sufficient but under load
(1) Low output voltage of the charger → troubleshoot according to the charger maintenance method.
(2) Short battery charging time → re-charging to extend the charging time.
(3) The capacity of the battery pack or one of the battery packs decreases → troubleshooting according to the battery box maintenance method.
(4) Electrode damage or poor contact → replace the electrode.
3, in the driving has stopped, when fast, slow, weak and other feelings
(1) Seven-core connection bad contact → change seven-core wire.
(2) Bad contact of Hall power brake bar → change Hall power brake bar.
4, the battery is sufficient, the display light is all on, but the load wheel hub rotation is weak
(1) Gear wear and slip → replace the gear.
(2) Short circuit in the winding of hub motor → replace the motor.
(3) Bicycle assembly problems or wear of parts → replacement of vibration erasers.
5. Irregular stop of electric drive
(1) The controller and the electric wheel hub plug are loose or poorly conductive → re-insert or replace the plug.
(2) Bad contact between the carbon brush of the hub motor and the rotor → troubleshooting according to the hub maintenance method.
6, electric drive noise
(1) Hub gear lack of oil → open the hub and apply the gear grease.
(2) Gear defect → gear replacement.
(3) Gear housing bearing damage → replace the bearing.
, remove the battery
Before removing the motor, the lead wire of the motor and the controller should be unplugged first. At this time, the one-to-one correspondence between the color of the motor lead wire and that of the controller lead wire must be recorded.
The field should be cleaned before the motor end cover is opened to prevent sundries from being sucked on the magnetic steel in the motor.Mark the position of the end cap relative to the hub.Note: Make sure to loosen the screws diagonally to avoid distortion of motor housing.
The radial clearance between the motor rotor and stator is called air gap (air gap), and the air gap of the general motor is between 0.25-0.8mm. When the motor is removed and the motor fault is eliminated, the original end cover must be assembled, so as to prevent the clearance phenomenon after the secondary assembly.
2. Lubrication of gears in the motor
If the noise of brushless gear hub motor and brushless gear hub motor starts to increase, or the gear in the motor is replaced, all tooth surfaces of the gear should be covered with grease, generally using no. 3 grease or the lubricating oil specified by the manufacturer.
3. Assembly of motor
Before assembling the brush motor, please check the elasticity of the spring in the brush grip, check whether there is any friction between the brush and brush grip, check whether the brush can reach the stroke in the brush grip, pay attention to the correct positioning of the brush and commutation, so as not to break the brush or brush grip.
When installing the motor, first of all, the surface of the motor components should be cleaned of impurities, so as not to affect the normal operation of the motor, and be sure to fix the hub body firm, so as not to be attracted by the magnetic steel force during the installation, resulting in components collision, damage.
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